Archive

A Review on Nanotechnology-Based Interventions on Advancing COVID-19 Diagnosis, Prevention and Treatment

Zeeshan Arif; Habiba Khan*

   The COVID-19 emergency has created a widespread need for proper care, prognosis, and prevention of viral dissemination. Nanotechnology has been at the centre of attention for the rapid development of diagnostic instruments, anti-viral therapy and vaccinations worldwide. This review highlights the current and continuing nanotechnology-based therapeutic and preventive techniques for combating COVID-19


Formulation and Characterization of pH-Induced In Situ Gel Containing Posaconazole for Ocular Drug Delivery

Shakthi A; Rishaanth M; Kaviya Suresh; Abrar Ahmed H; Suriya Prakaash KK; Nagalakshmi S; Gopinath Subramaniyam; Srikanth Jeyabalan; Anbarasan Balu*

    To create and evaluate an in situ medication delivery system for the eyes to improve its residence duration and hence its bioavailability in the ocular mucosa. Methods: Carbopol is a pH-dependent water soluble in situ polymer. When the pH was alkaline, the carbopol polymer formulations stayed as a solution at acidic pH and formed a low-viscosity gel.


Recyclability of Spray Coated Smooth Nanocellu-lose Films as a Potential Sustainable Alternative to Synthetic Food Packaging-A Perspective

Kirubanandan Shanmugam*

    Synthetic packaging materials are neither reprocessable, renewable nor biodegradable barrier and also difficult to recycle into useful products. While cellulose-based packaging is widely known as a renewable, reprocessable, recyclable and biodegradable material it has limited air and water vapour barrier properties.


Dual Therapeutic Action of Wheatgrass Extract Loaded Lipidic Vesicles for Simultaneous Dermal and Systemic Delivery

Ravi Shankar*; Himanginee Sinha; Prabhat Kumar Upadhay; Amit Kumar Singh; Monika Joshi; Manish Kumar

    The present research work aims to prepare a unique formulation (Gel) containing a lipidic vesicle of extract having the dual therapeutic purpose of achieving great skin simultaneously with improved haemoglobin content. Ethosomes were prepared using soya phosphatidylcholine (1-4%) and ethanol (10-40%).


The Effect of Phosphorylated Tau and Cognitive Impairment after Exposure to Aluminum Nanoparticles

Mojtaba Ehsanifar*; Akram Gholami; Reihane Rajati

    Aluminum (Al) is an environmental neurotoxin to which humans are widely exposed and which is associated with motor and cognitive impairment and is most commonly associated with neurodegenerative diseases; it can cause abnormal phosphorylation of the tau protein and cognitive impairment.


Intrapericardial Drug Delivery: An Updated Review

Asim Mehmood*; Hafsa Kausar; Farida Fahad; Jahanzeb Malik

    The pericardium provides a unique site and an enclosed volume for the delivery of drugs to the heart and coronary arteries. In this review emphasis is given on strategies for more localized release and sustained delivery approaches (myocardial patches, cardiac meshes, hydrogels and nanoparticles) to the heart.


Cellular and Mitochondrial Toxicity of Raffinose Functionalized Graphene Oxide against Mouse Vital Organs

Parvaneh Naserzadeh; Amir Jafari; Atoosa Sharifi Shekarestalkhi; Ali Maleki; Rozhin Ahmadzadeh; Faezeh Habibzadeh; Masod Akhshik; Behnaz Ashtari

    Functionalized Nanoparticles (FNPs) using small or macromolecules have attracted research interest in targeted drug/gene delivery, tissue engineering, and imaging applications. The raffinose trisaccharide is the smallest raffinose oligosaccharides that has been used in fish's dietary supplements. Trisaccharides usually attached at the edge of Graphene Oxide (RafGO) nanosheets.


A Review on Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles and Antibacterial Action: Usage in Dentistry

Katayoun Karami Shabankareh*; Mohammad Behnaz; Mohsen Dalband

    Metal nanoparticles (NPs) have the highest effectiveness among the most innovative nanotechnological applications due to their special action modes. For instance, Ag+ ions are broad-spectrum antibacterial agents with the capacity of effective inhibition of the growth of fungi, algae, and bacteria. Nanoscale silver particles with a large surface-area-to-volume ratio (size below 100 nm) are significantly interesting because of their great antimicrobial actions against viruses, Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.


Multispectroscopic and Molecular Docking Study on the Interaction of Human Serum Albumin with the Copper Complex [Cu(HEAC)Br]Br

Nahid Shahabadi*; Saba Hadidi; Sara Ashrafy; Zahra Mardani

    In this article the interaction of human serum albumin (HAS) with a copper complex [Cu(HEAC)Br]Br containing of bromide and 2-(2-(2-Hydroxyethylamino)ethylamino)cyclohexanol (HEAC) ligands was investigated. To have a better understanding over the interaction mode multispectroscopic methods such as UV–vis, fluorescence, CD spectroscopy along with molecular docking studies were used.


Characterization and Hemolysis Evaluation of Carboxy Methyl Cellulose Stabilized Serum Capped Silver Nano Particles.

Archi Ghosh*; Mahua Ghosh Chaudhuri; Prasanta Kumar Maiti

    Silver nanoparticles are increasingly being employed as antimicrobial agents especially as a new approach for combating infectious diseases caused by multidrug resistant microorganisms. In this study, we will determine in vitro hemolytic potential of Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC) stabilized serum capped silver nano particles (AgNPs) in human blood characterizing physical, antimicrobial and hemolytic properties of AgNPs that contribute to Red Blood Cell (RBC) morphology defining proper safety margins.


“Nano-Copper”: A Potential Remediation of Antibiotic-Resistant Infections

Amrita Banerjee; Ria Ghosh; Arpan Bera; Subhadipta Mukhopadhyay; Munirah M Al-Rooqi; Ismail I Althagafi; Abdelrahman S Khder; Saleh A. Ahmed*; Arpita Chattopadhyay; Samir Kumar Pal*

    Use of copper to cater various needs of human civilization started immediately after the neolithic age. However, the nano-formulation of copper containing copper or one of its compounds including oxides in order to combat some of the societal challenges are quite recent. Here we have synthesized copper oxide nano particles and functionalized with acetate ligands to form a nano-hybrid which is shown to have medicinal properties.


Recent Updates on the Role and Challenges of Nanotherapeutics in Diagnosis and Management of Epilepsy, Neurodegenerative Diseases

Karen DSouza; Namitha Bannimath; Subhankar P Mandal; Deepshikha Singh; Prabitha Prabhakaran; Rajashree Deka; Shaik Mohammed Suhail; Sheshagiri R Dixit; Chandan RS; Vladimir N Nikolenko; Gurupadayya Bannimath; Prashant Vishwanath; Mikhail Y Sinelnikov; Junqi Liu; Ruitai Fan*; Narasimha M Beeraka*

    Neurological diseases incidence led to the poor quality of life in several patients subsequently results in the higher mortality rate. The rapid advancement in the nanotechnology is leading to the design of nanotherapeutics in the form of nanocarrier systems to target the pathophysiology of epilepsy, and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), and Parkinson’s Disease (PD).


Computational Study for Identification of Antiviral Peptides Targeting Oncogenic Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infections

Deepak Saravanan; Monisha Mohan*

    HPV infection is one of the leading causes of cancer mortality in women worldwide. Early treatment of the precancerous lesions would prevent the progression of cervical cancer. The oncogenic viral proteins namely E2, E6, and E7 play a critical role in the regulation of the cell cycle, immortalization, transformation of cervical cells, and maintaining the chromosomal integrity.


Anticancer Activities of Green Synthesized Copper Oxide Nanoparticles: Recent Review

Temesgen Orebo Abire

    Nanotechnology and Nanoscience is a multidisciplinary field to exploit the wide spectrum of the emerging area from fundamental sciences with novel techniques. Nanoparticles have greater surface area to volume ratios. Up to now, numerous biological organisms are described to have their potentiality for the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles. Green synthesis is a gradually evolving research area that used to extract nanoparticles from plants...


Computational Approaches for Identification of Potential Inhibitors against Rheumatoid Arthritis Causing Gene Janus Kinase2

Anbuselvam Mohan*; Wilson Jerica#; Anbuselvam Jeeva; Hai-Feng Ji

    Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune illness, predominantly affecting elder women over men. Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, belonging to the Janus kinase (JAK) family involved in the activation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway and it plays an important role in several biological processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and physiological and pathological activity...


Responses of Human Osteosarcoma Cells to Hydroxyapatite Nano-Particles on TiO2 Surfaces; an In-Vitro Study

TN Premachandra*; WPSL Wijesinghe; RPVJ Rajapakse; RMG Rajapakse; CNRA Alles; HMTU Herath*

    Fabricated Hydroxyapatite (HA) nano-particles that mimic natural HA are extensively used as coatings on prostheses to repair, renovate and replace human bones. However, the attainability of these materials is limited for developing countries due to the high cost of both raw materials and material processing. Therefore, Wijesinghe et al...


New Challenges in Infectious Disease Research: Innovations in the Research Paradigm

Shalala Zeynalova

    Recent developments in our understanding of communicable diseases have been marked by remarkable progress. The COVID 19 pandemic has increased the importance of research and study of biological hazards. According to the FAO reports, 75% of emerging diseases are zoonoses. The main reasons for the spread of infectious diseases are globalization, climate change and the intensification of agriculture...


Computational Study of Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Methylation and Orbital Interaction, Band Gap and Binding Energies Associated with the Process

Rosi N Gunasinghe*; Sarah Ward; Brandon Persaud; Xiao-Qian Wang

    DNA encodes genetic instructions relevant to the development and functioning of living organisms and viruses. One of the primary regulators of gene transcription is DNA methylation. DNA methylation occurs at specific sites in DNA, referred to as genetic hot spots or CpG islands. However, aberrant DNA methylation patterns such as hypermethylation and hypomethylation have been recognized in variety of human malignancies...


Development and Synthesis of New Zeolite Nanocomposite Adsorbent CuO/ZnFe2O4/NaA for Inactivation of New Drug Sarin Simulator

Pourya Zarshenas; Meysam Sadeghi*; Mohammad Mahmoudi Alemi

    The aim of present research is to evaluate the decontamination of nerve agent sarin simulant Dimethyl Methyl Phosphonate (DMMP) in water media using the CuO/ZnFe2O4/NaA zeolite as a novel ternary nanocomposite adsorbent. In this regard, the CuO and ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles were successfully synthesized within the NaA zeolite applying the ultrasound-assisted hydrothermal route and characterized via XRD, FESEM, FTIR, EDAX, VSM and BET analyses...


Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles: Evidence of Damage Induced in Respiratory and Nervous System Models through Time

Jose Antonio Perez Arizti; Giovanny Soca Chafre; Rebeca Lopez Marure*

    Piroxicam is an oxicam-class nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication used to treat gout, arthritis, and other inflammatory diseases (orally, topically). Because piroxicam is practically insoluble in water, the purpose of this research is to manufacture and test it as a liquid self-nano emulsifying system for delivering drugs in order to enhance its stability as well as dispersibility. For determining the optimum materials to dissolve piroxicam, dispersibility and stability study was undertaken in Oil, Surfactants, and Co-surfactants...


Piroxicam Evaluation as a Drug Delivery System That Self-Emulsifies: Formulation and Characterization

Zahra Al-Timimi; Zeina J Tammemi*

    Piroxicam is an oxicam-class nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication used to treat gout, arthritis, and other inflammatory diseases (orally, topically). Because piroxicam is practically insoluble in water, the purpose of this research is to manufacture and test it as a liquid self-nano emulsifying system for delivering drugs in order to enhance its stability as well as dispersibility. For determining the optimum materials to dissolve piroxicam, dispersibility and stability study was undertaken in Oil, Surfactants, and Co-surfactants...


Nanoparticles of Alumina (Al2O3): An Overview and Their Applications in Medical Surgery

Zahra Al-Timimi*; Zeina J Tammemi

    This article discusses the composition, structure, mechanical properties, and biological applications of alumina (Al2O3). Implants are made of single crystal sapphire or high-density, high-quality polycrystalline aluminium oxide. The principal sources of high-purity aluminium oxide are organic corundum and bauxite. Like any other component, the mechanical characteristics of polycrystalline alumina are mostly governed by grain size and porosity distribution...


The Presence of Helicobacter Pylori DNA inCoronary Artery Diseases (CAD)

Saeed Shirgir; Pardis Ghotaslou; Reza Ghotaslou*

    Background: Cardio-vascular illness is the most common disease in the world. Coronary Artery Diseases (CAD) are cardiovascular inflammatory diseases. CAD is a multifactorial disease. Recently, some infectious agents such as Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) have been suggested that have a key role in the pathogenesis of CAD. The current study aimed to investigate the presence of H. pylori acid nucleic atherosclerotic plaques in coronary blood vessel by the PCR and the relationship between the existence of H. pylori DNA and CAD.


Biosynthesis and Haemolytic Activity of Ag-Cu Alloy Nanoparticles by Butea monosperma Plant Extract

Arunkumar Lagashetty*; Shashidhar; Preeti R.K; Sangappa K Ganiger

    Objective: Metal or metal oxide nanoparticles have attracted the recent researchers much for their suitable applications and easy way of synthesis. This synthesis is based on biological reduction that uses plant extract as it is simple and it can integrate the chemical technology. An attempt has been made to understand the synthesis of Ag-Cu ANPs material by biological reduction of silver salt and copper salt using Butea monosperma leaf extract.


Synthesis and Characterization of Agar Coated Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Prepared from Sand as Natural Iron Source for Removal of Ni ion from Aqueous Solution

Nasrullah Shah; Hamza Ahmad; Imran Khan; Nida Ambreen*; Khalid Mahmood Khan; Sumbul Mujahid; Shafqat Hussain

    Nickel is a hazardous metal that cause cancer and many other diseases. Agar coated magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles was investigated for the elimination of nickel from waste water. The magnetic nanoparticles were formed using a co-precipitation method from natural iron source. The nanoparticles have been described by a study of FT-IR, SEM, XRD and EDX...


Applications of Magnetic Nonolipase on the Synthesis of Vitamin A Palmitate and Hydrolysis of Olive Oil

Rui-Fang Li

    Magnetic Nanolipase (MNL) was prepared previously in our lab and the potential applications were explored in the present work. Two types of reactions including hydrolysis of olive oil and synthesis of vitamin A palmitate were chosen to check the properties of MNL. When concentration of olive oil was 25% (v/v) immobilized lipase has the highest activity (80.7 U/g) under 50°C...


Extraction of Tannins from Henna (Lawsonia L. inermis) Leaves

Nahla omer*; GA Gasmelseed

    This study was conducted to determine the main compounds of Henna are: Quinine, lawson naphoquinone, resin, gallic acids, glucose, manitol, and the tannins, which the main material in our work. The tanning materials were extracted with water as a solvent at a temperature of 40Co. The average tannins content were determined and were found to be 11.2% on weight basis. The type of tannins was identified to be condensed type of tannins...


Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles using Plant Extracts as Promising Prospect for Cancer Therapy: A Review of Recent Findings

Kirubel Teshome Tadele*; Temesgen Orebo Abire; Tilahun Yai Feyisa

    Background: Silver nanoparticles are the leading in biomedical applications such as antioxidant, anticancer, antiviral, antidiabetic and antimicrobial because of their biocompatibility and stability. The activities of AgNPs synthesized using plant extracts is significantly improved due to phytochemical coating. The aim of this review is to explore the anticancer activity of AgNPs synthesized via plant extracts...


Sonication of Petrochemical Industry Wastewaters

Rukiye Oztekin; Delia Teresa Sponza*

    In this study, the effects of increasing sonication times (0 min, 60 min, 120 and 150 min), sonication temperatures (25°C, 30°C and 60°C), on the dissolved chemical oxygen demand (CODdis), Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and total Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) removal efficiencies were monitored at a sonication frequency of 35 kHz and a sonication power of 640 W for a raw Petrochemical İndustry Wastewater (PCI ww)...


Bioactive Nano Hydroxyapatites for Orbital Floor Repair and Regeneration

FH Alhamoudi; H Akhtar; Y Almoshawah; AC Talari; AA Chaudhry; GC Reilly4; I U Rehman*

    Bioactive nano-hydroxyapatites have been synthesised for orbital floor repair and regeneration. Hydroxyapatite (HA) is widely used for bone repair and regeneration. It is composed of multiple anionic and cationic species, such as carbonate, fluoride, phosphate, sodium, magnesium, silicon and citrate. However, the development of bioactive materials that can repair and regenerate bone is crucial for orbital floor fracture repair...


Functionalized Nanocarriers for Drug delivery: Amalgam of Biopolymers and Lipids

Mallesh Kurakula*; Devang B Patel; Bhaumik Patel; Shashank Gorityala; Pratap Basim

    Biopolymer–lipid nanocarriers as hybrids are upcoming and have been most assuring frontiers in both pharmaceutical and biomedical research areas. In last decade, great focus is oriented in the development of functionalized nanocarriers by amalgamation of biopolymer and lipids with inherit specific properties of organic, inorganic nanocarriers and the lipid structured particles (liposome, lipoprotein, solid lipid nanoparticle, and nanoemulsion, nanocrystals) for specialized properties and functions.


Chemopreventive Potential of a Phytofabricated Silver Nanoformulation using Bark Extract of Saraca asoca in AML Mice In vivo and In vitro

Pratyusha Banerjee; Puspendu Roy; Debjani Nath*

    Objectives: To evaluate the therapeutic potential of phytofabricated silver nanoparticle reduced by bark extract of Saraca asoca for Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML).
Methods: The efficacy of silver nanoformulation was tested in vivo secondary model of AML in comparison to chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin and the cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of the nanoparticle in vitro in leukemic cells in comparison to normal lymphocytes.


Formulation and Evaluation of Desonide Loaded Microemulsion Based Gel for Management of Atopic Dermatitis

Kusha Sharma; Bharti Sapra; Shubham Kant; Neena Bedi*

    Objective: The aim of the current study was to formulate and evaluate desonide loaded microemulsion gel for effective management of Atopic Dermatitis (AD).
Methods: Microemulsions (MEs) were developed and optimized using D-optimal mixture statistical experimental design. The morphology of ME was studied using transmission electron microscopy. To improve skin retention of formulation, gelling of the optimized ME was carried out using Carbopol 940 (1% w/w). The efficacy of the formulation was evaluated on mice with..


Utilization of Ionic Liquid Cold-Induced Aggregation Micro Extraction Technique for Preconcentration and Determination of Aluminum in Food, Water, and Biological Sample

Abeer ME Hassan; Alaa S Amin*

    Cold induced aggregation micro extraction technique combination with spectrophotometry was used to preconcentrate and detect aluminum in biological and environmental samples. The pocedure is depending on Al (III) complexation with 2-amino-4-(m-tolyazo) pyridine-3-ol (ATAP), and entrapped in non-ionic surfactant octylphenoxy polyethoxy ethanol (Triton X-114). In the present method, sodium hexafluorophosphate (NaPF6) was broughted to the sample solution having smalest levels of 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluoro-phosphate [Hmim] [PF6] as extraction solvent...


Lipid Composition Design of Lipid Nanoparticles by Bayesian Optimization for High-Efficiency Gene Delivery to Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

Emi Nozaki; Eiichi Akahoshi; Arisa Fukui; Hidekazu Saito; Daiki Kiribuchi; Takeichiro Nishikawa; Katsuyuki Naito; Mitsuko Ishihara-Sugano*

    Lipid Nanoparticles (LNPs), which consist mainly of cationic lipids, are considered a promising gene delivery tool for gene therapy with advantages such as ease of manufacturing and reduced toxicity. Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (hPBMCs) are an important raw material for gene therapy and there is a need to develop tools for effectively delivering genes to them. LNPs are expected to be a suitable delivery tool for this purpose.


Nanoparticles Mitigate Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE) Death-Using APRE19 Cell Model

Eric Dahl*; Nikolaos E Efstathiou; Amit K Roy

    Dry Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD), which has no cure, is the leading cause of vision loss in the elderly in many parts of the world. The pathogenesis of AMD involves the slow degenerative loss of the Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE), likely due to oxidative stress. In addition, recent evidence has emerged suggesting that blue light emitted from smartphones, laptops and other devices can penetrate the lens of the eye and cause similar oxidative damage to the RPE, with the same ultimate fate of progressive blindness.


Optimization and Evaluation of Temperature Triggered in situ Gel Formulation using Design of Experiments (DoE) and HET-CAM Test

Anbarasan Balu; Thanka Johnson; Ramaprabhu Sundara; Shanmuganathan Seetharaman*

    Purpose: The aim of the present work was carried out by the principles of quality by design approach to optimize thermo-responsive in-situ hydrogels. To recognize the effect of formulation variables (parameters) on the response of in-situ gels, a 3 factor, 3 level Box- Behnken design, was explored to expect the responses such as Viscosity (Y1), Temperature of gelling time (Y2) and % Cumulative drug release (Y3) when the concentration of poloxamer (X1), HPMC K200M (X2) and HPMC low viscous (X3) were selected as independent variables.


Gene Delivery through Combinatorial Chemistry

Ronak Afshari; Omid Akhavan*

    The human effort for maintaining a healthy body that could function effectively in complete harmony with human’s environment, has brought a lighting up to the innovative therapeutic approaches [1]. Meanwhile, the battle with various genetic diseases has witnessed tremendous advances, therefore, scientists learned to profit from neoteric features of nanotechnologies for controlled and targeted tracking of the proteins and gene to cells.


Nanotechnology Applications of Pesticide Formulations

Eman E Elsharkawy

    In the last few years, the application of nanotechnology in agriculture has created new opportunities for developing nanosized agrochemicals that have the potential to improve efficiency, enhance stability, prolong the effective duration and at the same time reduce environmental loads. One of the critical challenges in the agricultural industry is the need to address issues associated with the pesticide’s use as environmental contamination, bioaccumulation, and increases in pest resistance, which demands a reduction in the quantity of pesticide applied for crop and stored product protection.


A DFT Study of a Novel C12H12Cl12O12 Crystal as a Promising Anti-Virus

M Barhoumi*; M Said

    Coronaviruses (CoVs) such as α-CoVs, β-CoVs, and COVID-19 are a wide group of viruses that include viruses that can cause a group of disorders in humans, ranging from a common cold to severe acute respiratory syndrome. Given the diffculties the world is experiencing in the face of the Coronavirus, which has spread from China, everyone is trying to find an antibiotic and reduce its spread, but to the extent that there is no effective vaccine.


Self-Joule Heating Activated Mask for Combating COVID-19

Barnali Ghatak; Sanjoy Banerjee; Sk Babar Ali; Nityananda Das; Bipan Tudu*; Dipankar Mandal*; Rajib Bandyopadhyay*

    As the deadly virus is continuing to infect the entire population of the globe, proper protection against the novel coronavirus has become extremely crucial. The virus is entering through our nostrils casusing extensive damage to the tissues of the lungs and wearing a good mask has become mandatory to the virus attack.


Novel Synthesis of Coordination Bipolymer Precursors of Sulfated Macromolecules as Alternative Promising in Biomedicine, pharmaceutics and Engineering Industry by Oxidation of Sustainable and Biodegradable Sulfated Iota-Carrageenan by Alkaline Permanganate

Refat M Hassan*; Samia M Ibrahim; Ahmed Fawzy

    Keto-acid derivatives of sulfated iota -carrageenan (ICAR) was quantitatively prepared by the oxidation of iota- carrageenan as sulfated macromolecules by potassium permanganate in alkaline medium at pH`s > 12. The diketo-derivative was characterized by formation of 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazone and dioxime derivatives when reacting with 2,4-dinitrophenyl haydrazine and hydroxyl amine, respectively.


Ion Release and Bactericidal Activity of Ag /Tryptophan and Ag/Cu/Tryptophan Complexes in the Structure of Cotton Tissue

A Eremenko*; I Petrik; A Rudenko; O Tananaiko; T Kyrpel; M Ishchenko

    The work quantitatively studied the leaching into water of Ag and Cu ions, from Ag and Ag/Cu nanoparticles (NPs) fixed on the surface of bactericidal tissues –cotton fabrics (cf) in the form of complexes with tryptophan (Trp) molecules. The effect of the modification of Ag/Cu NPs in cotton tissues by Trp on their bactericidal activity is studied.


The role of α-lactose monohydrate as a grinding material during preparation process of ultra-high diluted succussed medicinal products

D Kalliantas*; M Kallianta; K Kordatos; Ch S Karagianni

    During manufacturing of ultra-high diluted succussed solution medicinal products from solid origin source materials, the preparation process is close linked to the trituration in α-lactose monohydrate. The α-lactose monohydrate in these cases is used as friction substance and this process leads the solid source materials to become micro-nano particles as we have clearly shown in a previous study.


The Impact of ‘Succussion’ during preparation of ultra-high diluted solution medicinal products

D Kalliantas*; M Kallianta; LA Tsakanika; K Kordatos; Ch S Karagianni

    Ultra high diluted medicinal products are made by serial dilutions which are always followed by “succussion”. The aim of this work is to investigate the impact of the succussion on the nature of these solutions, when a source material is triturated up to micro and nanoscale particles and then used to prepare ultra-high diluted medicinal products.


Artificial intelligence and cancer: Applications and prospects in cancer diagnosis and treatment

Sachin Kumar Deshmukh

    Cancer is a major public health concern and the second most common cause of deaths globally behind cardiovascular diseases. According to estimates from the World Health Organization, in 2018, cancer accounted for 9.6 million deaths or one in six deaths worldwide. As per American Cancer Society estimates, in 2020, 1,806,590 people are expected to get cancer and 606,520 will succumb to this disease in the United States.


The nanostructure character of Arnica Montana as ultra-high diluted succussed solution medicinal product. Recent advances and prospects

D Kalliantas*; M Kallianta; K Kordatos; Ch S Karagianni

    Arnica Montana is a very useful and widely used medicinal plant by established, traditional, complementary and Alternative Medicine. This manuscript describes the physicochemical evaluation of ultra high diluted-succussed solution products based on Arnica Montana (starting material) as they are used like remedies by TM/CAM (Homeopathy).


One-pot synthesis of biologically important xanthene derivatives using [(Et3N)2SO][HSO4]2 as a novel and green IL-based catalyst under solvent-free conditions

Fatemeh Ghassempour Nikfarjam; Mohammad Mahmoodi Hashemi*; Ali Ezabadi

    In this article, we introduce an efficient and reusable catalyst for the synthesis of biologically active xanthene derivatives through a one-pot condensation of aldehydes, 2-naphthol, and dimedone, using the novel dicationic Brönsted acidic ionic liquid


Introducing a new international standard ISO/TS 20660: Specification of characteristics and measurement methods for antibacterial silver nanoparticles

Kyung Seuk Song; Somin Lee; Ali Beitollahi; Il Je Yu*

    This paper introduces a new international standard [(International Organization for Standardization/Technical Specification (ISO/TS) 20660)]: Specification of characteristics and measurement methods for silver nanoparticles. The new standard provides a guideline of essential and additional characteristics for silver nanoparticles used as antibacterial agents in consumer products, along with the relevant measurement methods.


Nanoscale structural analyses on Rod Outer Segments (ROS) membranes and retina of bovine eye: 3D structure of photoreceptor nanodomains

Ilghar Orujalipoor; Mustafa Erbakan; Semra İde*

    The present study aims nanoscopic observation and detection of rhodopsin (a G protein- coupled receptor) nanodomains in their native biological environment to investigate their kinematics related to the photocycle. In the first phase of the planned work, the retina segments were obtained from bovine eyeballs and different sample preparation methods were tested to identify the densely packed rhodopsin nanodomains.


Natural Joints: Biological boundary layered lubrication of phospholipid bilayers

Zenon Pawlak*; Raghuvir Pai

    In this article, we examined the surface topography and frictional characteristics (cartilage/cartilage) pair normal and osteoarthritic bovine cartilage. The amount of structured synovial fluid hydrated (lubricin-hyaluronan) complex is not enough to resist the effects of loading and friction...


Effect of radiation dose fractionation and radiation energy on gold nanoparticle enhancement of radiation therapy

Bindeshwar Sah; Jing Wu; Adam Vanasse; Michael P Antosh*

    Objective: Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have the potential to enhance the effects of radiation therapy, using Auger electrons to cause additional damage to tumors. In this work, we explore the effect of two clinically important variables: dose fractionation and radiation energy. In clinical radiation therapy, radiation is fractionated (split into multiple sessions) and high-energy radiation is used. However, in the field of GNP research, radiation has generally been given in one session and lower radiation energies have generally been used.


Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) a promising drug delivery of anticancer agents: A review

Kabirdas B Ghorpade*; Sharda M Shinde

    Poor solubility, high toxicity, nonspecific delivery and short circulating half-lives are the disadvantages of conventional drug delivery of the anticancer agents.
    In the field of nanoparticle based drug delivery, controlled delivery of therapeutic compounds has been a matter of great interest. Unconcealed toxicity, poor selectivity, narrow therapeutic index, and high probability of developing drug resistance are the disadvantages of nanoparticle based chemotherapeutics.


Construction of drug-controlled release system - mesoporous silica nanoparticles

Sun Fengbo; Lin Yuanhua*; Sun Xiaodan; Li Chunxu; Zhao Yu

    This paper reviews the research progress of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles (MSNs) in the construction of drug carrying system in past studies. Through the design of its structure and chemical properties, drug carrying system with various functions can be prepared, which is suitable for drug sustained release system and targeted treatment of various pathological tissues, thus representing a revolutionary biological nano technology.


Effect of size on gold nanoparticles in radiation therapy: Uptake and survival effects

Bindeshwar Sah; Michael P Antosh*

    Radiation therapy is one of the most commonly used techniques for the treatment for cancer. A major goal of radiation therapy is to damage cancer cells, while simultaneously imparting as small a radiation dose as possible to nearby healthy cells. Due to a high atomic number and the Auger effect, gold nanoparticles can significantly enhance doses of ionizing radiation. The amount of enhancement due to gold nanoparticles strongly depends upon several parameters, such as cellular uptake of nanoparticles, nanoparticles size, concentration, intracellular location and radiation energy.


CAR-T cell immunotherapy and nanotechnology: An integrated approach for cancer care

Sachin Kumar Deshmukh

    Overwhelming results of CAR-T cells cancer immunotherapy for the treatment of lymphoma have offered an excellent opportunity to explore the efficacy of CAR-T cell therapy in other malignancies. However, less exciting results derived from CAR-T cells treated solid tumors demand an urgent need to investigate the possible hurdles in the path of this therapy. CAR-T cell infiltration barriers and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment efficiently influence the therapeutic outcomes.


Simultaneous determination of the ratio of live, dead and adherent bacteria in the presence of various single-walled carbon nanotubes

János Fent*; Susan Lakatos

    Objectives: A decrease in bacterial counts as a consequence of their interactions with various carbon nanotubes are usually interpreted as the destruction of viable bacteria. However, changes in adherent properties can also result in a decrease of the detectable bacterial counts. Methods: This paper provides a simple experimental setup and a mathematical formulation for simultaneous determination of ratios of the live/dead and adherent/non-adherent bacteria based on impedance changes.


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