Intra-abdominal neurofibromatosis is an exceedingly rare diagnosis constituting a challenge for clinicians in diagnosis and management. With only a few cases reported worldwide, there is no consensus on management protocol. Because appendiceal neurofibromas are benign, surgical excision is the main therapeutic option, and the prognosis is usually good.
Rectal prolapse is defined as entire thickness rectum protrusion past the anal sphincter. The prolapsed section of the rectum can become cancerous in rare cases. Although the exact incidence of rectal prolapse is unknown, it is a relatively uncommon condition. We present a case of rectal prolapse accompanied by neoplastic transformation.
Primary neuroendocrine tumors of the breast are an uncommon and often overlooked subtype of breast carcinoma primarily affecting postmenopausal women. These rare tumors account for approximately 2-5% of all breast cancers and are classified as well-differentiated Neuroendocrine Tumors (NETs)
Surgery for a severely calcified sinus of Valsalva aneurysm can be challenging. We present a patient in whom a simplified approach did not suffice so that implantation of a composite graft was required combined with individual grafts to the coronary ostia instead of direct re-insertion into the prosthesis because of the high calcification load.
The abdominal aorta is the main blood vessel in the abdominal cavity that transmits oxygenated blood from the thoracic cavity to the organs within the abdomen and to the lower limbs. Variations of the branches and bifurcation of the abdominal aorta with their relations with other abdominal and spinal structures are so important regarding abdominal and spinal surgery.
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